Yellow Brain (Tremella mesenterica) is a bright golden jelly fungus that looks like a small, wobbly heap of folded yellow lobes on a dead twig. When wet it is soft, translucent and glistening, deepening to orange with age. In dry weather it shrinks to a hard, dull orange crust, then swells back into life after the next rain.
It grows on dead branches of broadleaf trees, often still attached to the tree, and is common on gorse. It can be found all year, but is most obvious in wet winter weather. It is not really feeding on the wood: it is a parasite of crust fungi (Peniophora) growing on the same branch.
Naematelia aurantia is very similar but more orange, and grows on Hairy Curtain Crust (Stereum hirsutum). Leafy Brain (Phaeotremella foliacea) is brown. Yellow Brain is not poisonous, but it is tasteless and insubstantial, so it is not worth collecting.
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Distribution
Very common
Habitat
On dead or living deciduous branches. Occurs as a parasite of Peniophora spp.
Etymology
Tremella is from the Latin tremere, 'to tremble', after its wobbly jelly. mesenterica is from the Greek mesenterion, the membrane that holds the intestines, after its folded, gut-like lobes.
Fruiting Body
An irregular, jelly-like, folded mass 2-10 cm across, with an uneven, brain-like surface in bright yellow to orange-yellow, paler yellow in places. It is soft and translucent when moist, but turns brittle when dry and revives with rain.
| Colour | |
|---|---|
| Surface | Uneven |
| Width | 2 - 10 cm |
Flesh
Gelatinous and translucent throughout.
| Odour | Not distinctive |
|---|
Spores
| Colour | |
|---|---|
| Shape | Ellipsoid |
| Ornamentation | Smooth |
| Size | 10-16 x 7-8 μm |
Microscopic Features
The basidia are 4-spored, with vertical septa.
Classification
- ↳ Phylum: Basidiomycota
- ↳ Subphylum: Agaricomycotina
- ↳ Class: Tremellomycetes
- ↳ Order: Tremellales
- ↳ Family: Tremellaceae
- ↳ Genus: Tremella
Synonyms
- Exidia candida sensu auct. p.p.
- Hormomyces aurantiacus Bonord.
- Tremella albida sensu auct. p.p.
- Tremella candida sensu auct. p.p.
- Tremella lutescens Pers.
- Tremella lutescens Pers. :Fr.
- Tremella mesenterica var. lutescens (Pers.) Pers.
- Tremella mesenterica var. lutescens (Pers.) anon. ined.
- Tremella mesenterica var. lutescens anon.
Reference Sources
R. Phillips (2006) Mushrooms. Macmillan.
G. Kibby (2020) Mushrooms and Toadstools of Britain & Europe Vol. 1. Geoffrey Kibby.
Genus Tremella
No other species found in this genus.